三字经解说(4)

时间:2021-08-31

  Filial piety towards parents, is that to which we should hold fast. 孝敬父母,就是我们应当向黄香学习的思想品德。

  注解:我选用“思想品德”这四个字,是为了较精确地译出这个含含糊糊的“that”这个词。常常为了求得一个比较稳妥的字眼,译者有时不得不沉思默想。这时的艰难窘境可以用“反复推敲”来形容。这种翻译技巧称为“选词用字”(Diction)。只有经过“山穷水尽疑无路”的人,才可能享受到“柳暗花明又一村”的狂喜!

  融四岁 能让梨 弟於长 宜先知

  Jung, at four years of age, could yield the (bigger) pears.

  孔融四岁的时候,(就)能(从容)将大的梨子出让(其兄长)。

  To behave as a younger brother towards elders, is one of the first things to know.

  弟弟尊敬兄长,这个(人世间的道理)应当(在年少时就)要知道。

  注解:

  如果按照英语的句式直译出来,大家往往会译成:“弟弟尊敬兄长,这是(在年少时就)要知道的首要事情之一。”意思是不会错的,但总会使人感到很生硬。如果是中学生译成这样的句子,评卷教师或许不会扣分。但如果是翻译资格证书考试的话,我猜想一定会被扣分的,说不定还扣得比较重。所以才会有“转换”(Conversion)这种翻译技巧的适当运用来解决上述问题。转换不仅仅是词性的转换,(以前我介绍过)也包括句式的转换。

  首孝弟 次见闻 知某数 识某文

  Begin with filial piety and fraternal love, and then see and hear . 人生的首要大事是孝敬父母,尊敬兄长,其次是多实践于天下大事,博闻古今之理。

  Learn to count, and learn to read. 知晓数理之道,通解古今圣贤之识。

  一而十 十而百 百而千 千而万  units and tens, then tens and hundreds, hundreds and thousands, thousands and then tens of thousands.

  数字单位从一(之始),接下去(十个一为)十,(十个十为)百,(十个百为)千,(十个千为)万。注解:注意连词“and”的用法。不能都译为“和”。

  三才者 天地人 三光者 日月星

  The three forces, are heaven, earth and man.

  The three luminaries, are the sun, the moon and the stars.

  三纲者 君臣义 父子亲 夫妇顺

  The three bonds, are the obligation between sovereign and subject, the love between father and child, the harmony between husband and wife.

  曰春夏 曰秋冬 此四时 运不穷

  We speak of spring and summer, we speak of autumn and winter,

  These four seasons, revolve without ceasing.

  曰南北 曰西东 此四方 应乎中

  We speak of North and South, we speak of East and West,

  These four points, respond to the requirements of the centre.三字经解说]相关文章: