篇一：古城如书·汉陵苑

　　汉 陵 苑

　　汉陵苑是汉武帝刘彻的第五子、第一代广陵王刘胥夫妇同茔异穴墓的博物馆，地处扬州北郊，占地三万三千平方米，1992年5月建成对外开放，是一座融汉代文物和扬州汉代文化的人文景观，为国家3A级景点。

　　汉陵苑由于建在唐代牙城高地上，景点大门、仿汉门阙和地宫展厅等沿坡地依次而上，显得厚重而有气势。从台阶向上，坡道两旁有一对形状像狮子、身上有羽翼的神兽雕塑，起着避除邪祟的作用。根据汉代的等级规定：帝陵前用天禄和麒麟，诸侯王墓前用辟邪，广陵王刘胥是分封的诸侯王，这里是辟邪。

　　平台上这两座门楼叫“阙”，它是古代宫殿、祠庙和陵墓前的特征性建筑，通常左右各一，建成平台，台上起楼观，因两阙之间有空缺，所以叫“阙”，也叫“双阙”，这里的双阙一大一小又称为子母阙。最早“阙”起到守卫和瞭望的作用，石阙是作为铭记官爵、功绩和装饰用的。

　　前面高大的主体建筑是广陵王地宫，展出的是西汉第一代广陵王刘胥的陵墓，这是古代帝王心目中的天堂，距今已有二千多年的历史。在地宫的东北侧是“王后寝宫”展厅，西面的展厅叫“广陵潮涌”，展出的是扬州境内出土的部分汉代文物和历史背景介绍。东厅是临时性展厅。

　　我们先参观“广陵潮涌”，简要了解一下汉代扬州的历史情况和广陵王墓产生的背景。

　　“广陵潮”在两千多年前是扬州特有的一种自然景观。当时钱塘江潮还未形成，每年八月望日，广陵潮波涌如万马奔腾，波澜壮阔，汉代诗人枚乘的《七发》就描绘了广陵潮“鸟不及飞，鱼不及走”的状观景象。

　　公元前486年，吴王夫差凿邗沟通江淮，筑邗城屯兵马，从此使扬州成为古代南北交通的枢纽。在国家政权强大、稳定的时候，扬州总是成为全国经济发展的领军城市，汉，唐、清的三代繁荣，也使扬州成为古代诗词歌赋中提到最多的城市。

　　扬州的第一次经济大繁荣出现在汉代。汉高祖刘邦建立汉王朝后，天下一统，各地分封同姓为王。中央集权制与分封制为一体的治国之策取得成功，荆、吴、江都、广陵四个诸侯国先后在扬州建都。

　　汉初广陵属荆国，辖有东阳、鄣、吴三郡并五十三城，范围包括今天的江苏、安徽、江西、浙江等部分地区。

　　江都国辖两郡二十七城。

　　汉武帝刘彻颁布“推恩令”，缩减诸侯封地后，广陵国仅辖广陵、江都、高邮、平安（今宝应）四县，属徐州刺史部。后来射阳又划入广陵版图。

篇二：扬州汉陵苑英文导游词

　　[ ] Han palacesDear guests: welcome to the Han Tomb garden. Han tomb garden is the first generation of Guangling king Liu Xu and Queen 's joint tomb, dating back more than two thousand years of history. It is a melting of cultural relics of the Han Dynasty and Han Dynasty Yangzhou cultural landscape, is a national 3A level scenic spots.We along the slope up, one can see a pair of shaped like a lion, who had his wings sculpture is the evil spirits, it is feudal king tomb beast before, according to the grade, the emperor before the tomb beast with detailed and kylin. Then, we see the two gate called "Que ", it is ancient palaces and tombs of landmark buildings, usually about one, because the two " between vacancy, named que or double que, the two towers and a small called lash que. Stone que is official, as the mind feat and ornamental purposes.[ ] Guangling waveDear guests: we now see is Guangling wave. Guangling tide two thousand years ago in Yangzhou is a unique natural landscape, the Qian Tang River tide has not formed, the annual Mid-Autumn around from all sides vassal come together at the Guangling tide, very spectacular scenes, the Han Dynasty poet, scholar Meicheng in the works, " seven " in the Guangling tide made wonderful description. The history of the Yangzhou in three dynasties flourished, the first is the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty thereafter. The material culture of Guangling 's prosperity will be the first in Yangzhou to the summit. So " in Guangling " to describe the Yangzhou economic and cultural thriving and prosperous again but the exact. We now see the " Han Guangling chronology ", it briefly recorded Han Guangling hundreds of years in the history of major events. We can also see Jiang Douxiang portrait of Dong Zhongshu, Princess Liu Xijun of Jiangdu married figure, Zhang Gang River map. We now see the exhibition cabinet below, the display is the Guangling pottery, lacquer, jade, bronze. The west wall intermediate the Han street map, depicting the pig, sheep, acrobatics, bonze mendicant and other scenes, reflects the Han Guangling city prosperity. The north wall has the verifiable ten " Huangchangticou " type timber-chambered tomb list. Next to the wooden coffin chamber model is the most complete preservation of the king of Guangling Liu Xu Huangchangticou type timber-chambered model. This is the spring hill two brick tomb models, is the Eastern Han Dynasty king of Guangling Liu Jing couple joint tomb, tomb unearthed in the "Guangling Wang Xi ", silver copper cattle lights and other precious artifacts, somebody thinks, Sui Zhaozhou Bridge arch structure, is the earliest example of using the principles of mechanics, and in fact early in Guangling two thousand years ago people have used.[ ] the Palace of the EarthDear guests: we now stand where is the Palace of the Earth. We see the center on the wall of the mural? It reflects the Liu Xu last night, in a conference, Yang Temple, the prince was the tragic scenes. Liu Xu is the son of Emperor Wu of Han, muscle man, called the king of Guangling, ruling for 64 years, because of the pretenders, several witch practices, after the case was prosecuted. Last night, with life, very repent, hanged himself.We now see is God habitat Hill model, god mountain home is Guangling king Liu Xu's tomb site, Guangling is the only domestic a basaltic rock mountain, 1500000 years ago formed volcano eruption.We now see the Palace of the Earth is in full accordance with God in the mountain on the tomb built model, with more than two thousand years ago " Huangchangticou " timber-chambered tomb 's original restoration and. The total area of 237 square meters, our nanmu 540 cubic meters, which is composed of an outer reservoir chamber, Huangchangticou, is hiding himself and other components.This is the first layer of " Tibet himself " unearthed a large number of men and women in wood used, car harness and other funerary objects, indicating that the abolition of the living body style.The second layer is called "

　　Huangchangticou ", namely the wooden coffin chamber. It is a kind of special Chinese ancient burial system, is an important part of the imperial mausoleum. " Yellow intestinal " refers to the yellow heart wood, " collect " refers to the topic, namely the trunk near the roots of the end inward polymerization, a patchwork of structure. Guangling king Liu Xu tomb " Huangchangticou ", and other similar tombs, the materials of production, refined, strict structure, save the good, indeed for the marvel.This is the third layer is hiding coffin unearthed in the complete diet utensils bath appliance, it will be Yangzhou's diet culture and bath culture history till two thousand years ago.Follow me as we look around in the window display of artifacts, these artifacts as well as related diagrams, photos, vivid reproduction of Guangling country people's wisdom and talent.We now return to the lobby, we come to visit here the jade burial suit. Jade burial suit is an important part of the imperial mausoleum. This jade dress is based on Liu Xu's tomb unearthed in fragments reproduced, shared 2480 pieces of jade, its size a. Jade burial suit also known as the jade box, because the shape like clothes, so called jade. The ancients believed that jade can protect human essence without leakage, corrosion, protective effect, but also have the evil intention.[ ] the tomb of QueenDear guests: we now see is the tomb of queen. It and the Guangling king Liu Xu's tomb unearthed belong to the same period, imperial class " Huangchangticou " burial system. You see, the lobby is on the right side of harem life scenes of the restoration, it depicts the scene queen diet. The questions get is the Queen 's tomb " South Gate " door problem together, wherein a piece of edge is tree heart, for thousands of years to grow to grow. Now we see is in Tibet himself unearthed in the 12 carriage model, or a north-south, Ma are south, possibly for the owner of the tomb funeral scene.Now, we come to the two floor stand, look at the overall picture of the tomb of queen.The plane was " Queen " shape, as the rock pit pit type " Huangchangticou " timber-chambered tomb, to about 450 cubic meters of phoebe. Coffin chamber is hiding himself and Tibet himself in two parts. Is hiding himself by Minato, coffin, and the coffin in the inner West, composition, inner space uses the symmetrical layout, set up by the portal closes, forming independent space; the portal is opened, each other are communicated with each other. Questions get and what the car by himself between the full-length two shelf to form, at the southern end of the wooden ladder shelf has a, may wish to look, the coffin home wooden ladder phenomenon, in other Han very rare.Members tourists, President Jiang Zemin dedicated 2000 accompanied by French President Chirac visited the court of Han tomb, joyfully epigraph, President Chirac wrote: in this to express my sincere friendship and shock. I also believe that watching Han tomb court, everyone will be awesome.