雅思写作:简单四步把握G类书信语气 书信是G类小作文的唯一形式,但根据其内容可以分为多种类别:如投诉信、询问信、求职信、友情信、道歉信、建议信、邀请信、感谢信等。要写好英文书信,使用哪种语气十分重要,这可以准确地反映出写信人和收信人之间的关系。总的来说,相对正式的信件要给人一种谦恭有礼、积极合作的态度,不那么正式的信件如友情信之类应以友好自然的措辞拉近彼此的距离。
由于G类考生相对于A类考生人数较少,考生对于书信写作的重视不够,在G类分数要求日渐水涨船高的今天,考生尤其要注意书信写作中极为重要的一点,就是语气的把握。本文中,雅思专家写作组的专家将从四个方面对于如何选择合适的语气和措辞进行说明。
一、审题把握
把握好G类书信语气的第一步,就是要弄清写信的要求和背景。雅思书信写作题目就是由背景信息和写作任务两个部分构成的,我们可以将其分成私人信件和事务性信件两种类型。写给亲朋好友的信可以归为前者,如友情信,请看下面这个例子:
You are going to have a business trip and arrange your friend to look after your children. Write a letter to the friend. You should:
1. Tell him/her which kind of food your children like and dislike
2. Tell him/her which kinds of activities your children can attend
3. Tell him/her the time you will pick up your children.
根据背景分析,这封书信是写给朋友请求帮助在自己出差期间照管孩子的,显而易见,这是一封私人信件,由于对方是挚友,写信的语气可以比较轻松和随意,在说明详细内容时,措辞不必讲究但要礼貌。
再来看一个例子:
Your friends have been out on holiday and ask you to stay at their house. However, there is a problem with a piece of equipment in the kitchen. Write a letter to them. In your letter, you should:
1. Describe your feeling at their home
2. Describe what the problem is
3. Describe what action you have done to solve the problem
这是一封抱怨信,写信人在朋友度假期间帮朋友看管房屋,在信中向朋友说明厨房用具的问题,这并非商务场合和正式交涉,切不可义正词严。
You are living in an English-speaking country and the restaurant near you is making a lot of noise everyday. Write a letter to the restaurant owner. In your letter, you should
1. say how you are disturbed by noise
2. give some suggestions to fix the problem
3. tell the owner further action will be taken if this problem remains unsolved.
这封信同属抱怨信,我们来比较一下它与上一封信的区别,这封信是写给餐馆经理的,说明对于餐馆噪声的不满,收信人与写信人并不熟悉甚至从未谋面,过于熟络的语气和措辞,或者在朋友之间使用的抱怨性较强的词汇都应尽量避免。
雅思专家将常见的书信分为以下几类:询问信、建议信和求职信一般较为正式;友情信属于非正式信件;投诉信、道歉信、邀请信、感谢信的语气要根据具体情况而定。考生需要注意题目所描述的背景和对收信人的设定,分清写信对象,准确而恰当地把握题目要求,走好G类书信第一步。