2016高考英语作文写作语法知识(精编)(2)

时间:2021-08-31

  4、固定搭配

  错误有介词短语的搭配,固定词组的搭配,更多的是特殊动词的搭配和用法出现错误最多。很多学习者在记单词的时候,不记搭配和真正用法,错误如下:

  a. He suggested to go there on his bike.

  b. My teacher explained me the text very carefully.

  c. My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.

  正确的句子:

  a. He suggested going there on his bike.

  b. My teacher explained to me the text very carefully.

  c. My mother made me choose the one I liked best.

  据以上的分析,中国学习者的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响,直接翻译,没有记住这些动词的特殊用法。

  5、非谓语动词

  错误由于学生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚,对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白,对句子结构分析不正确,常把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词。学生不知道在英语句子中谓语动词只能有一个,如果有另外一个动词出现,这个动词有三种情况:一是并列谓语,但是这时候必须有连词,如and, but等;二是出现在从句里面;三就是以分词形式出现,现在分词和过去分词,还有不定式。现在分词有主动语态和进行时的含义,而过去区分词有被动语态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的意义。例如:

  a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things look at.

  b. I am looking forward to see you.

  正确的句子:

  a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things to look at.

  b. I am looking forward to seeing you.

  分析:

  a句中己有谓语动词there are,用来修饰things,此句缺的是后置定语。b句look forward to是一个固定短语,后面要接动名词。c句要用现在分词作定语,跟所修饰的名词之间是主谓关系,表示动作正在进行,因此用“sleeping”,相当于 “the child who is sleeping"。