2016高考英语作文常见语法错误(2)

时间:2021-08-31

  3、语态错误

  动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是,学生由于汉语思维的影响,很少考虑到用被动语态。虽然中文里也有被动式的含义,但与英语里被动式表达方式完全不同。英语里的被动式要求有助动词be和一个变异的过去分词形式,其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息,中文里需要使用诸如“被”、“使”、“让”等词语,不需要有不规则的动词形式。这对中国的学习者来说就有潜在的困难。例如:

  a. New bicycles must keep inside.

  b. The book has to return at the end of the week.

  c. The food has cooked.

  d. Knife should take away from babies.

  正确的句子:

  a. New bicycles must be kept inside.

  b. The book has to be returned at the end of the week.

  c. The food has been cooked.

  d. Knives should be taken away from babies.

  很明显,这些句法结构己经被确认为未能正确使用英语中的被动式。学生还会犯一些其它方面的错误,其中之一是,常常把英语里没有被动语态的词(组),如 take place, occur, happen, belong to,appear, break out, rise, die等用作被动语态。

  4、固定搭配

  错误有介词短语的搭配,固定词组的搭配,更多的是特殊动词的搭配和用法出现错误最多。很多学习者在记单词的时候,不记搭配和真正用法,错误如下:

  a. He suggested to go there on his bike.

  b. My teacher explained me the text very carefully.

  c. My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.

  正确的句子:

  a. He suggested going there on his bike.

  b. My teacher explained to me the text very carefully.

  c. My mother made me choose the one I liked best.

  据以上的分析,中国学习者的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响,直接翻译,没有记住这些动词的特殊用法。