七、七选五

　　Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

　　Spacewalk!

　　Most people don’t know that the anniversary of an important event in space exploration occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.

　　1. In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. 2. Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.

　　Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs. 3. On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity—about 17 percent of Earth’s, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon’s surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren’t the only danger to astronauts.

　　The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles (颗粒) left over from the numerous meteorite (陨石) strikes on the moon. 4. When astronauts would leave the moon’s gravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut’s eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astronauts safe also means keeping their suits clean.

　　A. However, EVAs don’t just happen in empty space.

　　B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.

　　C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.

　　D. Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space exploration or spacesuits.

　　E. Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional.

　　F. There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective.

八、概要写作

　　Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

　　Holding Parents Responsible—An Unfair Punishment

　　The rise in teen crime suggests that some parents are failing at their parental tasks. To correct the problem, lawmakers in some states require parents to serve jail time. They hope that this punishment will motivate parents to take their responsibilities seriously.

　　Despite public support for parental responsibility laws, many people think that the laws are unfair. They suggest that parents should not be punished for the criminal acts of their children, unless it can be shown there is a related fault on the parents’ part. For example, if young teenagers are arrested for drinking alcohol supplied by parents, then parents should be held responsible because they helped the teenagers break the law. People who oppose parental responsibility laws also believe that punishing parents is unlikely to create a change in the kids’ behavior. These people argue that parents may not be at fault. The children of good parents can fall in with the wrong kids and get into trouble, they say. Worse yet, if mom is in jail, there may be no one at all to control her kid. That lack of control may then lead to more crime.

　　The unfortunate fact is that jailing a mom or dad punishes the rest of the family. The jailed parent cannot work to help feed the family or pay the rent. A parent who is sent to jail for the crimes of a teenager may also be fired from a job for missing too much work. Furthermore, little evidence exists to support the idea that the threat of punishment improves a parents’ ability to control a teenager. The problem is that some teens cannot be controlled by their parents, even if the parents try hard to control them. These struggling parents are not ignoring their parental responsibilities. Opponents of parental responsibility laws say that parents who are in this situation need help, not a jail sentence.

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

九、汉译英

　　Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

　　1.窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。(must)

　　____________________________

　　2.在上海处处可见行人为坐在轮椅上的'老人或残疾人让路。(make way)

　　____________________________

　　3.新生身处不习惯的学习环境，产生焦虑是很自然的。(It)

　　____________________________

　　4.唯有亲临这部音乐剧的现场，你才会明白为何六十年来每场演出都座无虚席。(Only)

　　____________________________

　　十、提纲类作文

　　Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

　　假如你是明启中学的学生李华。为丰富学生的在校生活，你校学生会计划开设一个活动室，向学生征询如何布置的建议。请你给学生会主席王平写一份电子邮件，邮件必须包括:

　　你的建议或设想

　　你的理由

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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