英语定语从句说课稿(2)
时间：2021-08-31三．关系副词引导的定语从句
1.先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。
1）先行词是“时间词语”，用when引导定语从句。when=表时间的介词（in,at,during等）+which
e.g. I still remember the day when(=on which) I joined the army.
2)先行词是“地点词语”，用where引导定语从句。where=表地点的介词（in,at,on,under等）+which
e.g. Can you tell me the office where(=in which) he works?
3)先行词是reason时，用why引导定语从句。why=for which
e.g. The reason why(=for which) he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.
△难点：高考对where的考查
where从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。即，当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事所发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面的都可用where这个关系副词。
e.g. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
四．关系代词与关系副词的比较
技巧：①分析句子结构，看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语还是作主语和宾语。
②看定语从句的动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，或者是不及物动词+介词
e.g. This is the place ＿＿＿＿ he worked.
The city ＿＿＿＿＿＿ we visited is well known.
Do you know the reason ＿＿＿＿ he is absent.
I didn’t believe the reason ＿＿＿＿＿＿ he gave me.
We’ll never forget the day ＿＿＿＿＿＿ we spent in the village.
We’ll never forget the day ＿＿＿＿ we worked in the village.
The house ＿＿＿＿＿＿ we stayed in belonged to Mr.Black.
The house in ＿＿＿＿ we stayed belonged to Mr.Black.
五．限制性与非限制性定语从句
1.区别
限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用，且先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开。
e.g. He gave up the plan,which was a very good one.
2.非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法
1）关系词在任何情况下都不能省略。
2）who（主语），whom（宾语），which（主语，宾语）不能用that代替，也不能互相替换。
3）“介词+which/whom+从句”结构中，介词不能移到从句的后面。
4）when,where可用于非限制性定语从句，why不可。
e.g. ①That student that the teacher thinks best played truant（逃学）yesterday,which made the teacher very disappointed.
②Some pre-school children go to a day-care center,where they learn simple games and songs.
六．定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，那么定语从句中的谓语动词的数应与先行词保持一致。
1.one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词
e.g. The Great Wall is one of the famous buildings that draw lots of visitors.
2.the only one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词
e.g. The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.
注意： not the only one of…=one of…
e.g. Tom isn’t the only one of the boys who have passed the exam.=
Tom is one of the boys who have passed the exam.
3．当as与which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句内容时，若as与which作主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. Great changes have taken place in Zunyi,as/which is known to all.
七．注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1.当先行词是way意为“方式、方法”时，关系词又是作状语时，用in which/that/不填；若关系词作宾语时，用that/which/不填。
e.g. The way ＿＿＿＿＿＿ he explained to us was quite simple.
The way ＿＿＿＿＿＿ he explained the sentence to us was difficult to understand.
2.当先行词是time时，若作“次数”讲，应用that引导定语从句，而且可省略；若作“一段时间”讲，应用when或at/during+which引导定语从句。
e.g. ①I could hardly remember how many times ＿＿＿＿ I’ve failed.
②This was at a time ＿＿＿＿＿＿ there were no radios,no telephones or no TV sets.
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