英语revision语句的教学指导(2)

时间:2021-08-31

英语知识较差。他对学习很在行。

  (2) grow作及物动词时,表示“种植”;作不及物动词时,表示“生长;成长;增长;发展;渐渐变成”等意思。

  【例】Chinese people are growing more trees to protect their environment.Those trees are growing well.中国人民正在种更多的树以保护环境。那些树长得很好。

  She has grown into a pretty girl.But she grows older and older as well.

  她长成了一个漂亮的姑娘。但她同时(年纪)也变得越来越大了。

  (3) all the time的意思是“一直”,在句中作状语。

  【例】We have been here all the time.我们一直都在这儿。

  8. The world itself is becoming a much smaller place and people from different countries

  now understand each other better. 世界的本身正变得更小,来自不同国家的人们彼此间能更好地相互了解。

  反身代词itself在句中做主语the world 的同位语。

  【例】Tom himself learns English day and night. I myself will go to the farm to help the farmers.

学习英语。我自己也将去农场帮助农民。

  9.Man-made satellites are about 8,000 kilometres away from the earth.

  人造卫星离地球大约有八千公里远。

  (1) 这是距离的一种表示方法,距离的表示方法还有:

  It’s about 200 metres from my home to our school. = Our school is about 200 metres from my home.

  从我家到学校大约有二百米。

  The city is about two thousand kilometres by train (from here).

  (从这儿)乘火车去那座城市约有二千公里。

  It’s two hours by plane from here to that city.

  从这儿乘飞机到那座城市需要二小时。

  The post office is about ten minutes’ walk from here.

  从这儿步行去邮局大约要十分钟。

  (2) earth, world与globe

  1) earth作“地球”解,需加the。:

  【例】We live on the earth. 我们生活在地球上。

  The moon goes round the earth. 月亮围着地球转。

  In the Middle Ages it was generally believed that the earth was the center of the universe.

  中世纪时,一般人都相信地球是宇宙的中心。

  Do you know what the earth satellite is?

  你知道什么是地球卫星吗?

  2) on earth 有两种意思:第一种含义等于in the world,用在不定词或疑问词what, who when, where, why, how的后面,作强调语。

  【例】No force in the world / on earth can hold back the wheel of history.

历史车轮的前进。

  What on earth/in the world is the matter there?

  那里究竟发生了什么事情?

  Where in the world/on earth can he be?

  他到底在哪儿呢?

  He didn’t know how in the world/on earth to answer.

  他不知道究竟如何回答。

  第二种含义:on earth表示“在世界上,在人间”,不用冠词,在这个意义上,on earth等于in the world。

  【例】China is one of the greatest nations on earth/in the world.

  中国是世界上最伟大的国家之一。

  She must be the happiest woman on earth/in the world.

  她一定是天底下最幸福的女性。

  3)world是“世界”,兼指“全世界的人”。

  【例】The whole world is hoping that there will be a lasting peace.

  全世界都希望有一个持久的和平。

  Egyptian civilization is among the oldest in the world.

  埃及文化是世界上最古老的文化之一。

  This is an event that shook the world.

  这是震撼世界的事件。

  4)包含world,earth的短语。

  【例】the world to come 来世

  bring…into the world 生孩子

  before the world 公然地

  give to the world 出版,发表

  take earth (狐等)逃入洞内

  break earth 破土动工

  bring sb back to earth 使某人回到现实

  5)globe是“地球”,它与earth不一样。 earth谈的是人类所居住的行星,而globe强调形状圆球等。

  【例】Now it will take us only a few days to circle the globe by air.

  现在我们乘飞机只需几天的工夫就可以绕地球一周。

  (这里强调的是:globe圆形,球状体的地球)

  a terrestrial globe 地球仪

  a celestial globe 天体仪

  10.How many kilometres by train is it from Nanjin

  g to Wuhan?

  从南京到武汉乘火车有多远?

  这是一个问两地距离的句型。it 代表距离,from … to 表示“从某处到某处”。

  How many kilometres by air is it from Shanghai to Beijing ?

  it在句中指代“路程”,同时,它也可以指代“时间,天气,人物”等。

  It is colder in Hefei than in Wuhu. 合肥比芜湖冷。(it指气候)

  What time is it by your watch? 你的表上是几点钟了?(it指时间)

  It is Mike speaking. 我就是Mike. (it指人物)

  还有一种询问距离的句型,它不是具体地问有多少公里,而是问“有多远”。句中直接用地名作主语,不用 it 作形式主语。

  【例】— How far away is Sydney from Beijing ? 悉尼离北京有多远?

  — Sydney is 10, 400 kilometres away from Beijing . 悉尼离北京是10,400公里远。

  教学建议二

英语构词法浅析

英语最常见的构词有三种方法:转化,合成,派生。这里我们着重向同学们介绍合成法:

  即把两个或更多的词合在一起组成新词(合成名词,合成形容词)。

  1)合成名词

  名词 + 名词。例如:

  hand +bag = handbag 手提包

  school + boy = schoolboy 男学生

  moon +cake = mooncake 月饼

  rail + way = railway 铁路

  形容词 + 名词。例如:

  black + bar= blackboard黑板 dead + line= deadline最后期限

  high + way= highway公路 blue + prints= blueprints蓝图

  动名词 + 名词。例如:

  post +card = postcard 明信片 play +ground = playground 操场

  reading + room =reading-room阅览室 work +place = workplace 操作间

  副词 + 名词。例如:

  out + break = outbreak 爆发 over + coat = overcoat 大衣

  down + fall = downfall下台 up + shot = upshot 结果

  介词 + 名词。例如:

  after +noon = afternoon 下午

  to +day = today 今天

  名词 + 介词短语。例如:

  editor + in + chief = editor -in -chief 总编辑

  comrade + in + arms = comrade -in -arms 战友

  father + in + law= father-in-law岳父

  sister + in + law =sister -in - law嫂子

  2)合成形容词

  形容词 + 名词。例如:

  new + type = new –type 新式的 bare + foot = bard-foot 光脚的

  形容词 + 形容词。例如:

  bitter + sweet = bitter-sweet 又苦又甜的

  blue + black = blue-black 蓝黑色的

  形容词 + 分词。例如:

  fresh + looking = fresh-looking 新鲜的

  ready + made = ready-made 现成的

  名词 + 分词。例如:

  peace + loving = peace -loving 爱好和平的

  man + made = man-made 人造的

  数词 + 名词 + ed。例如:

  three + legged = three-legged 三条腿的,三只脚的

  two + faced = two-faced 两面派的。

  形容词 + 名词 + ed。例如:

  open + minded = open- minded 胸襟开阔的

  white + haired = white- haired 白发苍苍的

  7-11单元语法项目复习列表

  动词不定式(The Infinitive)

  做宾语,如:He wanted to be an inventor. 他想成为一名发明家。

  做宾语补足语,如:Tell her to turn it down. 告诉她将音量关小点儿。

  做状语, 如:Later he left home to work in different cities. 后来他离开家在别的地方工作了。

  和疑问词连用,如:I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪里。

  定语,如:I must buy a pen to write with. 我必须得买只钢笔用。

  主动语态与被动语态(The Active Voice And The Passive Voice)

  一般现在时的被动语态,如:It is used for cooking. 它是做饭用的。

  一般过去时的被动语态,如;Was it made in China? 它是中国制造的.吗?

  情态动词的被动语态,如:More trees must be planted. 我们还要栽更多的树。

  数词(Measurement)

  It is ten kilometers long / wide / deep / high.

  Beijing is about five hundred kilometers from here.

  教学建议三

  关于阅读课文的教学建议

  本单元第46课是一篇题为“The universe and man-made satellites”的课文,是一篇科技小品。为了引起学生的阅读兴趣,建议让学生带着问题有目的地进行阅读,或在阅读前让学生猜测课文内容,然后再阅读课文,证实他们的猜测。具体做法是:

  l.学生们讨论以下问题,并试着回答这些问题。

  What do we mean when we talk about the universe?

  Why can’t many stars be seen?

  How far is the moon away from the earth?

  Has the moon been visited by man already?

  Have any man-made machines travelled farther than the moon? What are they?

  What do you know about the universe?

  Why do we say the world itself is becoming smaller and smaller?

  2.或者教师根据每个自然段内容,设置如下概括性问题:

  1) What do we mean when we talk about the universe?

  2) Do you know anything about the moon? Try to say something about it.

  3) What is a man-made satellite? Whats it used for?

  4) Please say something about peoples knowledge of the universe.

  教师可将学生们的回答简单地板书在黑板的一侧。然后让他们打开书阅读课文。

  学生们阅读后,教师带着他们验证猜测。在这个过程中,实际上教师是在让学生熟悉本课的大意,并接触课文中的句型和词语。教师在黑板的另一侧板书课文中的关键词,与学生们的猜测答案相对照。下一步让学生逐段复述课文。反复数次后,让学生做根据课文某段所改编的完形填空题。如:

  The universe means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space ______ them. Many of the stars are so ______ away that we ______ see them.

  The moon, our ______, travelled ______ the earth. It has been visited _____ man in spaceships.

  Man-made ______ have been sent up ______ space by many countries. They go ______ the earth. They are used for helping us to learn more ______ the earth, the weather and other things. They are also used for sending and ______ messages. It makes people ______ different countries understand each other better. So people say the world

  itself is becoming a much ______ place. People call the small place “the global village”.

  Answers:

  between, far, can not, satellite, round, by, satellites, into, round, about, receiving, from, smaller

  学生在做这个练习答案的过程中,即复习了本课的词语,又掌握了与课文内容相关的新表达方式。这样他们完成其他练习也就不难了。教师可继续让他们将这个练习中的语句与课文作比较,找出异同,例如:

  1) 课文—Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.

  练习—Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them.

  2) 课文—The moon travels round the earth. It is our satellite.

  练习—The moon, our satellite, travels round the earth.