大家跟我走我现在看到的是先师门；又称棂星门是孔庙的大门，面阔三间，进深七檩，单檐歇山顶，基本上保留了元代的建筑风格，先师门两侧连接庙宇的外围墙，犹如一座城门。进入先师门，迎面看到的便是大成门。大成门创建于元代，清代重修，面阔五间，进深九檩，单檐歇山顶。整座建筑坐落在高大的砖石台基上，中间的御路石上高浮雕海水龙纹图样，五龙戏珠，栩栩如生。大成门前廊两侧摆放着10枚石鼓，每枚石鼓的鼓面上都篆刻一首上古游猎诗。这是清乾隆时仿周宣王时代的石鼓遗物刻制的大家想在这拍拍照吧。

　　大家跟紧我我现在到了第一进院落是皇帝祭孔前筹备各项事宜的场所，其东侧设有宰牲亭、井亭、神厨，用于祭孔三牲的宰杀、清洗和烹制。两侧有神库、致斋所用于祭孔礼器的存放和供品的备制。

　　第二进院落是孔庙的中心院落，每逢祭孔大典，这里便钟鼓齐鸣，乐舞升平，仪仗威严。大成殿是第二进院落的主体建筑，也是整座孔庙的中心建筑，是孔庙内最神圣的殿堂。大成殿始建于大德六年，后毁于战火，明永乐九年（公元重建，清光绪三十二年将殿由7间扩建为9间。殿内金砖铺地，内顶施团龙井口天花，其规制是最高建筑等级，堪与故宫太和殿媲美。殿中供奉孔子“大成至圣文宣王”木牌位，神位两边设有配享的“四配十二哲”牌位。神位前置祭案，上设尊、爵、卣、笾、豆等祭器均为清乾隆时的御制真品。大殿内外高悬清康熙至宣统9位皇帝的御匾，均是皇帝亲书的对孔子的四字赞语，是珍贵的文物。

　　孔庙的第三进院落最具特色，由崇圣门、崇圣殿和东西配殿组成独立完整的院落，与前二进院落分割明显而又过渡自然，反映出古人在建筑部局上的巧妙构思。这组建筑称为崇圣祠，是祭祀孔子五代先祖的家庙。建于明嘉靖九年，清乾隆二年重修，并将灰瓦顶改为绿琉璃瓦顶。崇圣殿又称五代祠，面阔五间，进深七檩，殿前建有宽大的月台，月台三面建有垂带踏步各十级。殿内供奉孔子五代先人的牌位及配享的颜回、孔伋、曾参、孟轲四位先哲之父的牌位。东西配殿坐落在砖石台基上，面阔三间，进深五檩，单檐悬山顶，内奉程颐、程颢兄弟、张载、蔡沈、周敦颐、朱熹6位先儒之父。

　　三进院落及其建筑有明确的建筑等级差别和功能区域划分，和谐统一地组成一整套皇家祭祀性建筑群落，是我国古代建筑的'杰出代表。

　　大家休息好了么，下一站是著名的学府国子监，大家跟紧我现在我来到的是集贤门是国子监的大门，门内院子东西设有井亭，东侧的持敬门与孔庙相通。进入国子监的第二门—太学门，就是国子监的第二进院落，里面有琉璃牌坊，辟雍和彝伦堂。

　　现在大家跟我我待会我为大家介绍一下辟雍和彝伦堂，现在跟我慢慢走进太学门，前方就是国子监二门内大型琉璃坊牌坊，它是北京唯一一座专门为教育而设立的牌坊。正反两面横额均为皇帝御题，是中国古代崇文重教的象征。位于集贤门内，是三间四柱七楼庑殿顶式琉璃牌坊，乾隆四十八年（1783年）。正面额书“圜桥教泽”，阴面为"学海节观"，彩画华美，是北京唯一不属于寺院的琉璃牌坊

　　现在我为大家讲解国子监的辟雍，它是国子监的中心建筑，建于中轴线中心一座圆形水池中央的四方高台上，是一座方型重檐攒尖顶殿宇。四面开门，设台阶六级。辟雍周围环绕著长廊，四面架设精致的小桥横跨水池使殿宇与院落相通，这种建筑形制象征着天圆地方。乾隆皇帝之后，每逢新帝即位，都要来此做一次讲学，以示中央政府对高等教育的重视。

　　左边是六堂，它是位于辟雍左右两侧的33间房，合称为六堂，分别为：率性堂、诚心堂、崇志堂、修道堂、正义堂、广业堂，是贡生、监生们的教室。现在我问看一下右边的彝伦堂，它位于辟雍大殿以北，元代名为崇文阁，明代永乐年间予以重建并改名为彝伦堂，早年曾是皇帝讲学之处，兴建辟雍之后，则改为监内的藏书处。现在大家跟我往后面走，后面就是敬一亭，它位于在彝伦堂之后，是国子监的第三进院落。建于明嘉靖七年，设有祭酒厢房和司业厢房和七座御制圣谕碑，是国子监祭酒办公的场所。大家看我手指的方向，在孔庙与国子监之间的夹道内，有一处由189座高大石碑组成的碑林。石碑上篆刻着儒家经典：《周易》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《周礼》、《仪礼》、《礼记》、《春秋左传》、《春秋公羊传》、《春秋谷梁传》、《论语》、《孝经》、《孟子》、《尔雅》。这部石经的蓝本是雍正年间的江苏金坛贡生蒋衡历时12年手书而成。乾隆五十六年（公元1791年）下旨刻石立碑。全部石经共计63万余字，规模宏大，楷法工整，内容的准确性和刻制的精美度都优于西安的“开成石经”，而在规模上也是仅次于西安碑林的全国第二大碑林。相传乾隆命和珅、王杰为总裁，彭元瑞、刘墉为副总裁来考订经稿。彭元瑞以宋元善本十三经核订蒋衡手书的经稿，并把俗体字均改为古体字，使经文更加完善规范，古意大增，受到乾隆赞赏，被授以太子太保衔。这使和珅嫉恨非凡，权倾朝野的他命人在一夜之间挖去石碑上全部改过的古体字。直到和珅垮台后，古体字迹才得以重新修复，至今碑面上还有一块块挖补的痕迹

　　现在我为大家介绍国子监第一任祭酒是元代著名理学家许衡，当时有学生200余人。在这里学习的学生叫“监生”，大致有三种来源：一是从全国各地秀才中选拔的正途监生，到此作进一步深造；二是外国留学生，大致来自高丽、逞逻、交趾、俄罗斯等；三是“捐监”，挂名监生，只要交足银子，就能领取“监照”，算是监生。

　　好了大家现在随便转转，拍拍照，大家拍的怎么样了我们的旅途快要结束了，大家尽兴么其实孔庙和国子监有太多的东西希望大家再一次光临在品味一下这里的文化，谢谢，大家再见！　　国子监导游词范文三：

　　Guozijian

　　Guozijian, the Imperial College during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, can be found in Beijing's Chengxian or Guozijian Street; it is also the site of the Kong Miao, or the Confucius Temple.　　Temple Name Imperial Sacrifices From Forbidden City Chinese English Shejitan Temple of Land and Grain sacrifices to land and grain north; now known as the Working People's Cultural Palace Tiantan Temple of Heaven sacrifices at beginning of each Lunar Year for a plentiful harvest southeast Ditan Temple of the Earth sacrifices to the earth northeast Ritan Sun Temple sacrifices to the sun southwest Yuetan Moon Temple sacrifices to the moon south

　　Established in the Yuan Dynasty, the Guozijian was the heart of China's highest educational administration and college from the 1200s to the end of the Qing dynasty in the 20th century. Qing emperors gave lectures there following their coronations, their ministers and scholars would stand outside, listening. For the hard of hearing, officials stood beside the emperor and repeated everything in a loud voice.

　　It also served as an advanced research institute for top researchers and scholars, including many from foreign countries. In the 20th century, the author, Lu Xun, worked in the Guozijian to catalog, clean and sort the books there.

　　Two steles at the main gate read, Dismount Here in Chinese and in five other minority languages.

　　Centuries-old cypress trees dot the courtyard. The most famous is called Chu Jianbo, believed to be a human spirit who could differentiate good from evil. It is said that the tree once exposed Yan Song, a minister during the Ming, as a corrupt official by lifting his cap and dropping it on his head. The Qianlong emperor (Qing), named a small lake in the compound Ink Lake. According to legend, writers who drank from Ink Lake would have an endless source of inspiration and could therefore easily pass imperial examinations.

　　Piyong Hall, the main hall of Guozijian, stands in a courtyard lush with ancient trees and is surrounded by a pool. Piyong Hall was designed and built to duplicate an image from a legend of deities lecturing in a hut on a small island. One of two wells in a pavilion at Guozijian's entrance still produces the water flowing to this pool. Water is now pumped from the well and channeled through an underground tunnel to circulate in the pool.

　　Rooms in the west courtyard formerly served as Guojizian classrooms but they now house Beijing Young People's Library, a place were many middle school students congregate to read or do homework.

　　The Temple of Confucius stands on 20,000 square meters of the grounds of the Guozijian. Emperors of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties regularly conducted ceremonies honoring Confucius in the temple's Dacheng Hall, or Great Achievement Hall. Ten stone drums from the Qianlong reign still stand at the Dacheng Hall.

　　Of the more than 50,000 people during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, who successfully took examinations and became jingshi, the basic grade of a successful candidate in imperial examinations, all have their names, their origins and positions inscribed on 198 steles on either side of Dacheng Gate. Some famous historical figures whose names are carved on these steles include:

　　Lin Zexu an imperial envoy in the late Qing pivotal in the Opium Wars against England

　　Yu Qian, a famous Ming general

　　Yuan Chonghuan, another Ming general who fought against the Manchu invasions.

【国子监导游词】相关文章：

1.国子监图片

2.北京孔庙国子监导游词

3.游国子监小学作文

4.《国子监》阅读答案

5.汪曾祺散文国子监

6.国子监游记叙事作文

7.汪曾祺散文《国子监》

8.汪曾祺作品集散文《国子监》