定语从句：

　　（一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom,

　　练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working.

　　3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring.4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.

　　5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.

　　6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen.

　　7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading.

　　8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting.

　　（二）特例：只用that的情况

　　1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，

　　2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that.

　　3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。

　　4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

　　5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying?

　　练习

　　1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup.

　　2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost

　　4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used.

　　6. He was the first person _______passed the exam.

　　7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.

　　（三）whose

　　1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there.

　　2. I like the rooms ______windows face south.3. This is the desk ______legs were broken.

　　4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best .

　　6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old.

　　（四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。

　　1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework.

　　2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting.

　　3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy.

　　4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class.

　　5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)

　　6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them.

　　7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand)

　　8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)

　　9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China.

　　10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best.

　　(五)“介词＋关系代词”注意： 介词的选用要考虑：

　　A.与先行词的搭配关系

　　1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army.

　　2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here.

　　3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.

　　B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯

　　1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars?

　　2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars?

　　3) Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot?

　　4) Have you found the book _______she often talks?

　　关系副词的用法

　　练习：

　　1. It must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.

　　2.This is the village _________________we visited last week.

　　3.The house _______ we live in is very big./ The house _______ we live is very big

　　4. The woman ___________ talked to you just now is a doctor. The woman ______ you talked to is my sister.

　　The woman to ___________ you talked is my sister.

　　5. This is the hospital ____________ I was born in.

　　This is the hospital in _________I was born. This is the hospital____________ I was born.

　　综合练习一. 用适当的.关系代词或关系副词填空

　　1. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

　　2. This is the present ____he gave me for my birthday.3.The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.

　　4. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.

　　5. There is nothing in the world ______can frighten him.

　　6. We visited a factory _______makes toys for children.

　　7. Is this the place _______ your father once lived

　　8. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.

　　9The car______my father bought last month is beautiful.

　　10The man______hair is white is his grandfather.

　　二宾语从句

　　1宾语从句的学习要注意三个方面

　　第一：语序：在宾语从句中，一律用___________。

　　如Where does she live? ( Do you know?) ----Do you know where she lives?

　　***几个特殊的特殊疑问句

　　Which is the way to the nearest shop?/ What’s wrong with you?/ What’s up?/ What’s the matter?

　　这几个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序,在宾语从句中不需调整语序。

　　第二：时态; 1）如果主句是___________，宾语从句时态根据实际情况而定.

　　如：1. It’s going to rain. I think. ---I think it’s going to rain.

　　2. “I will go with you .” he says. ---He says he will go with me.

　　3. He studied English ten years ago. I know. I know he studied English ten years ago.

　　2）主句是___________，宾语从句要用___________。

　　如：It’s going to rain. I thought. ---I thought it was going to rain.

　　“I will go with you.” he said. ---He said he would go with me.

　　3). 若从句表达的是___________，规律，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用___________。

　　如1 The earth turns round the sun. The teacher told us---The teacher told us that the earth turns round the sun.

　　2 Light travels much faster than sound. She said … ---She said that light travels much faster than sound.

　　第三：连接词1)如果被连接的句子是___________，那么连接词用___________, (也可省)

　　如1. He’ll be back in a month. ( I hear…) I hear ( that ) he will be back in a month.

　　2. I have been to the Great Wall once. ( He tells me…) He tells me ( that ) he has been to the Great Wall once.

　　2.)如果被连接的句子是___________,则用连接词___________

　　如：*Does he live in that house? ( She asked me …) She asked me if/ whether he lived in that house.

　　*Have you finished your homework? ( I want to know…) I want to know if you have finished your homework.

　　3) ___________句，用原句中的特殊疑问词引导：what, who, where, when, which, why, how (many/ much/ often/ long/ old).如： Who are you waiting for? Can you tell me? --- Can you tell me who you are waiting for?

　　What did he do yesterday? I don’t know. ---I don’t know what he did yesterday.

　　***其中 以wh- 疑问词或how 引导的宾语从句与动词不定式可相互转换

　　如I don’t know what I can do.可以说成 I don’t know what to do.

　　The policeman showed me where I could get books. 可以说成The policeman showed me where to get books.

　　Can you tell me how I can make a kite?可以说成 Can you tell me how to make a kite?

　　4).宾语从句___________。在_________________________________等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：I don’t think he has time to play with the girl.

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