商务合英译中同容易混淆的词语解释

时间:2021-08-31

商务合英译中同容易混淆的词语解释

  英译商务合同时,常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可,有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的,是提高英译质量的关键因素之一,现把常用且易混淆的七对词语,用典型实例论述如下:

  shipping advice 与 shipping instructions

  shipping advice 是“装运通知”,是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。 然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”,是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分 vendor(卖主)与 vendee(买主),consignor(发货人)与 consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。

  abide by 与 comply with

  abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思.但是当主语是“人”时,英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时,则用 comply with 。

  例 3:双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。

  Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply

  with the contractual stipulations.

  change A to B 与 change A into B

  英译“把 A 改为 B”用change A to B,英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成 B”用change A into B,两者不可混淆。

  例 4:交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。

  Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.

  ex 与 per

  源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex,由某轮船“运走”的货物用 per,而由某轮船“承运”用 by。

  例 5:由“维多利亚”货轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。

  The last batch per/ex/by S.S. "Victoria" will arrive at London on October

  (S.S. = Steamship)

  in 与 after

  当英译“多少天之后”的时间时,往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天,所以必须用介词 in,而不能用 after,因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。

  例 6:该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出,140 天后抵达鹿特丹港。

  The good shall be shipped per M.V. "Dong Feng" on November 10 and are due

  to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vessel)

  on/upon 与 after

  当英译“……到后,就……”时,用介词 on/upon,而不用 after,因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。

  例 7:发票货值须货到支付。

  The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.

  by 与 before

  当英译终止时间时,比如“在某月某日之前”,如果包括所写日期时,就用介词 by;如果不包括所写日期,即指到所写日期的前一天为止,就要用介词 before。

  例 8:卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。

  The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.(or: before

  June 16,说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就译为 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)

  商务会话:广告宣传活动对话

  In this conversation, Tanya Nichols, the owner of an ice cream manufacturing company, is talking with her marketing manager, Carla Hutchison, about the advertising campaign for the company's new ice-cream sandwich.

  Tanya: Good morning, Carla. How are you today?

  Carla: I'm doing fine. How about you?

  Tanya: Great, thanks. So, what's the status of our advertising campaign?

  Carla: As I mentioned before, it'll be a national campaign starting next month. We've decided to use a variety of media for full coverage. First, we'll have 30-second spots on television once a day for 3 weeks.At the same time, we'll do 15-second radio commercials 3 times a day in selected cities with large populations. Finally, we'll have some outdoor ads using billboards near main entrances to big cities.

  Tanya: What style will the ads use?

  Carla: We're focusing on slice of life, showing how you can beat the summer heat by biting into a cool ice-cream sandwich. There'll be some reason why thrown in to hype our choice of flavors and show everyone they're not stuck with just vanilla.

  Tanya: Sounds like an ideal approach. Will we have a new slogan?

  Carla: Definitely. The advertising agency's working onthat right now. They'll have some proposals ready by the end of the week.

  Tanya: Sounds like we'll have a winner on our hands!

  中文:

  在这个对话中,Tanya Nichols是一家冰淇淋生产公司的老板,她正在和她的市场部经理Carla Hutchison就公司新的冰淇淋三明治的广告宣传活动谈话。

  Tanya: 早上好,Carla.你今天过得怎么样?

  Carla: 我很好,你呢?

  Tanya: 很好,谢谢。我们公司的广告宣传作得怎么样了?

  Carla: 正如我以前所提到的',我们下个月开始的宣传活动,是全国范围内的。我们已经决定利用各种媒体做全面宣传。首先,我们在电视上做持续三个礼拜的广告,每天一次,时间为30秒钟传。同时,我们还会在被选中的人口较多的城市的电台广播中宣传,每天三次,每次时间为15秒。最后,我们还会有一些户外宣传活动,在

  大城市的主要入口处,树立广告牌。

  Tanya: 那么采取什么样的风格呢?

  Carla: 我们将把焦点放在日常生活方面,告诉你只要吃一个冰淇淋三明治,就能消除夏日炎热。我们还会通过对多样性口味选择的宣传,告诉大家推荐我们公司产品的原因,香草并不是惟一的口味。

  Tanya: 似乎是个完美的方案。我们会有新的口号吗?

  Carla: 当然,广告代理商正在设计呢。这个周末会出台一些新的策划。

  Tanya: 听起来我们将会成为一个大赢家!

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