英语中相似词语辨析八:alive和living
alive,living
这两个词都表示活着的、有生命的(having life)意思,词义相同,但用法有所不同。
Alive是表语形容词,放在verbto be之后,不能放在它所说明的`名词之前。例如我们只可以说 The old man is still alive.
Living既可用作表语形容词,又可用作定语形容词,故可放在它所修饰的名词之前。
我们既可以说:
English is a living language.
也可以说:
Is his father still living?
就使用场合而言,alive大都用于人,有时用作比喻或强调时也用于物。例如:
Given the chance to sing on stage,he is very much alive.
有机会在台上唱歌,他显得很活跃。
The bazaar was all alive by the time we arrived.
我们到达时,墟市非常热闹。
Living则人物共用(请参阅上面两例)。
就词性而言,alive只能用作形容词,不能作名词;living既可作形容词,又可作名词。例:
Many people were burnt alive in the conflagration that happened in a multi-storeyed building.
在一幢多层大厦内发生的大火中,很多人被活活烧死。
Our living standards are rising steadily.
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