你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。

　　④whatever / whoever的功用

　　whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。如：

　　Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ）

　　Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）

　　(3) it构成的主语从句

　　① 由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。如：

　　It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.

　　众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。

　　需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：

　　It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. （主语从句，有that，无逗号）

　　As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack. （定语从句，无that，有逗号）

　　② 常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构

　　◆ It is a fact （a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good news…）that…如：

　　It’s a pity that you missed the film.

　　你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。

　　◆ It is necessary （clear / true / strange/ important /wonderful / possible / likely…）that…

　　需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。如：

　　It is necessary that you （should）master the computer.

　　你很有必要掌握电脑。

　　It is important that a student learn English well.

　　学生学好英语很重要。

　　It’s clear that they badly need help.

　　很明显，他们急需援助。

　　It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.

　　飓风很可能马上就要到达了。

　　◆ It is reported （well-known / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /order-ed…）that…如：

　　It is said that he was killed in the earthquake. 据说他在地震中丧生了。

　　◆ It seems （happened / appears / doesn’t matter / makes no difference / …）that …如：

　　It seems that they will win the game.

　　看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛。

　　It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.

　　他是否会参加会议都无关紧要

　　(4) 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：

　　① if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

　　② It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. √

　　That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. ×

　　③ It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. √

　　That he failed in the examination occurred to him. ×

　　④ It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. √

　　Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. ×

　　⑤ 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? √

　　Is that will rain in the evening likely? ×

　　3. Practice

　　Purpose: to get the students to have the knowledge of the grammar through exercise.

　　(1) Ask Ss to find which of the following sentences are subject clauses.

　　What he wants is a book.

　　It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.

　　I’m so glad that I can make friends with you.

　　This is why he did it.

　　Suggested Answers:

　　主语从句是: ① ② ⑥ ⑧, 宾语从句为: ③ ⑦ ⑨ (12),而④ ⑩为表语从句，⑤ (11)为同位语从句。

　　(2) Ask Ss to choose the best answers to the following sentences.

　　① ________ makes mistakes must correct them.

　　A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever

　　② It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while B. that C. if D. for

　　③ When and why he came here ________ yet.

　　A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not been known

　　④ _____ surprised me most was ____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. A. That...what B. What...that  C. That...which D. What...which

　　The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." is_______.

　　A. what  B. interesting  C. What is interesting D. I

　　What a pity _____is _____you didn’t arrive by daylight.

　　A. there, because B. it, that C. he, when D. that, for

　　⑦ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

　　A. There B. This C. That D. It

　　It is important that ______ our education in all available ways.

　　A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop

　　It is necessary that ______ by the end of the week.

　　A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready

　　C. We get everything ready D. we must get everything ready

　　It was natural that _______.

　　A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them

　　C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them

　　11. __________we can’t get seems better than _______we have.

　　A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what

　　12. ___________we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

　　13. It worried her a bit ________her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while B. that C. if D. for

　　14. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　—Is that ______you had a few days off.

　　A. why B. when C. what D. where

　　15. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.

　　A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

　　16. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.

　　A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

　　17. ________you don’t like him is none of my business.

　　A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether